ONLINE FIRST
published on April 26, 2023
Bret W. Davis
https://doi.org/10.5840/jcp202342041
In and Out of Words
Ueda Shizuteru¡¯s Zen Buddhist Philosophy of Language
What is the relationship between language and experience? This question was a central concern of the eminent Kyoto School philosopher and lay Zen master Ueda Shizuteru (1926¨C2019). In fact, this question has long been a focal issue of the Zen tradition. Famously, if also paradox?ically, the Zen tradition has claimed to ¡°not to rely on words and letters¡± even while producing volumes of texts: poetry and didactic discourses as well as encounter dialogues (mond¨) and k¨an collections. Critics have accused Zen of being self-contradictory in this regard, yet Ueda demonstrates that Zen¡¯s paradoxical ambivalence toward language is not a problem, but rather the point. Moreover, he explains how Zen teach?ings and practices can help us radically rethink the relationship between language and experience after the ¡°linguistic turn¡± in philosophy. In this article, I examine Ueda¡¯s contributions to the philosophy of language by bringing his thought into critical dialogue with Continental philosophers such as Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, and Gadamer as well as with some scholars of Zen. In short, Ueda rejects both the view that we are trapped within the bounds of language and the view that we could meaningfully dwell in a world outside of language. Rather, he argues, in everyday life as well as¡ªin an intensified manner¡ªin Zen practice and poetic expression, we are called on to engage in a ceaseless movement of ¡°exiting language and exiting into language.¡±